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Related Experiment Videos

Inelastic demand for alcohol in rats.

G M Heyman1, K Gendel, J Goodman

  • 1Behavioral Psychopharmacology Research Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478, USA. gmh@wjh.harvard.edu

Psychopharmacology
|August 6, 1999
PubMed
Summary
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Rats defended their intake of sweetened alcohol even when faced with increasing costs and competing preferred foods. This suggests that alcohol preference in rats may be regulated independently of food intake.

Area of Science:

  • Behavioral neuroscience
  • Animal models of addiction
  • Neurobiology of substance use

Background:

  • Investigating alcohol preference determinants requires concurrent access to alcohol and isocaloric food.
  • Traditional animal models show sucrose reduces alcohol intake.
  • Sweetened alcohol intake is defended by rats even with competing food options.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if rats defend alcohol consumption levels when competing with an isocaloric preferred food.
  • To assess if rats decrease food intake and increase effort to maintain alcohol consumption.

Main Methods:

  • Rats chose between a 10% alcohol/0.25% saccharin solution and an isocaloric 14.8% Polycose solution.
  • Response requirements (variable-ratio) for each solution increased progressively (5 to 30 responses).

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Main Results:

  • Initially, rats consumed more Polycose than alcohol.
  • As response requirements increased, Polycose consumption decreased.
  • Sweetened alcohol consumption remained stable or increased, except at the highest response requirement (variable-ratio 30).

Conclusions:

  • Rats defended their intake of sweetened alcohol but not the preferred food.
  • Alcohol and food consumption can be independently regulated.
  • Rodent models of alcohol-regulated preference may inform human alcohol consumption mechanisms.