Central serous chorioretinopathy and HIV

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Infectious Diseases
• Retinal Diseases

Background:

• Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is characterized by sudden, painless, unilateral blurred vision.
• Its etiology is not fully understood, but infectious causes are suspected.
• Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection is a potential, though under-recognized, contributing factor.

Observation:

• Two cases of HIV-positive individuals presenting with CSC are detailed.
• One patient experienced CSC and HIV retinopathy, later progressing to CMV retinitis and death.
• The other patient was diagnosed with CSC and is currently being monitored.

Findings:

• The clinical and fluorescein angiographic findings supported the diagnosis of CSC in both patients.
• The association between HIV infection and the development of CSC is highlighted.
• The compromised immunity in one patient may have influenced the disease progression.

Implications:

• This study suggests that HIV should be considered in the differential diagnosis of CSC, particularly in at-risk populations.
• Further research is warranted to elucidate the pathophysiology linking HIV and CSC.
• Recognizing this association may aid in earlier diagnosis and management of CSC in HIV patients.