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Acarbose-induced generalised erythema multiforme.

T Kono, M Hayami, H Kobayashi

    Lancet (London, England)
    |August 7, 1999
    PubMed
    Summary
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    A 58-year-old man developed a generalized skin rash and high eosinophil counts after starting acarbose for diabetes. Acarbose was confirmed as the cause of this allergic reaction.

    Area of Science:

    • Pharmacology
    • Dermatology
    • Allergy and Immunology

    Background:

    • Acarbose is an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor used to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    • Effective glycemic control is crucial in diabetic patients to prevent long-term complications.

    Observation:

    • A 58-year-old male patient with diabetes mellitus was initiated on acarbose 300 mg daily.
    • Within 13 days, the patient presented with generalized erythema multiforme and blood eosinophilia.

    Findings:

    • Histological examination revealed tissue eosinophilia, supporting an allergic response.
    • A subsequent acarbose challenge test confirmed the drug as the causative agent for the allergic reaction, both clinically and histologically.

    Implications:

    Related Experiment Videos

    • This case highlights a rare but significant adverse drug reaction to acarbose, specifically erythema multiforme with eosinophilia.
    • Clinicians should consider acarbose as a potential cause of drug-induced hypersensitivity reactions, especially in patients presenting with dermatological symptoms and eosinophilia.
    • Early recognition and discontinuation of the offending agent are critical for managing such allergic reactions.