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Four new genotypes of adenovirus type 3 isolated from patients with conjunctivitis in Japan

N Itoh1, K Tanaka, K Aoki

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan. taro@med.yokohama-cu.ac.jp

Journal of Medical Virology
|August 10, 1999
PubMed

Insights

New Adenovirus type 3 (Ad3) genotypes emerged in Japan, potentially explaining the shift from Ad3 to Ad4 as the primary cause of conjunctivitis. This genetic evolution highlights Ad3

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Adenovirus type 3 (Ad3) was the predominant cause of conjunctivitis in Japan from 1989-1991.
  • In 1992, Adenovirus type 4 (Ad4) replaced Ad3 as the most frequent serotype causing conjunctivitis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate genetic changes in Ad3 isolates following the shift in predominant serotype.
  • To determine if new Ad3 genotypes emerged and contributed to the epidemiological change.

Main Methods:

  • Genome typing of Ad3 isolates from 55 conjunctivitis patients in Japan (June 1992 - February 1993).
  • Restriction endonuclease analysis using BamHI, BglII, HindIII, and SmaI enzymes.

Main Results:

  • Four new Ad3 genotypes were identified among the isolates.
  • Specific genetic alterations included new restriction sites for BamHI (1 isolate), BglII (2 isolates), HindIII (3 isolates), and SmaI (2 isolates).

Conclusions:

  • The emergence of novel Ad3 genotypes coincided with the replacement of Ad3 by Ad4 as the leading cause of adenovirus conjunctivitis in Japan.
  • Genetic diversification of Ad3 may play a role in the epidemiological dynamics of viral conjunctivitis.

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