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Testicular and paratesticular tumours in children: 30 years' experience
Y Sugita1, T D Clarnette, C Cooke-Yarborough
1Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
Background:
Testicular or paratesticular tumours in children are rare, making it difficult to achieve the best management for these life-threatening diseases. The aim of this study is to review patients during a 30-year period with these tumours and assess clinical aspects to improve management.
Methods:
The records of 68 patients from 1967 to 1996 were reviewed with respect to age at diagnosis, affected sites, presentation, clinical diagnosis, operation, pathology and prognosis.
Results:
The most common presentation was a painless scrotal mass (84%). The most common testicular tumour was mature teratoma (n = 27) followed by yolk sac tumour (n = 17). Thirteen patients had paratesticular rhabdomyosarcoma. Two teratocarcinomas, three leydig cell tumours, two sertoli cell tumours, one granulosa cell tumour, one fibroma, one gonadoblastoma, and one secondary tumour from acute myeloid leukaemia were found also. Testis-sparing surgery was performed in 21 of 33 patients with benign tumours (27 teratoma, three leydig cell tumours, two sertoli cell tumours, one fibroma), which caused no recurrence. Only two patients with rhabdomyosarcoma and one with mixed germ cell tumour died of their disease.
Conclusion:
Recent combined therapy with surgery and chemotherapy against primary testicular and paratesticular tumours has improved prognosis. Testis-sparing surgery should be considered for benign tumours.