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Glucocorticoids decrease phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase mRNA expression in the immature foetal sheep adrenal.

M B Adams1, J T Ross, T G Butler

  • 1Department of Physiology, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.

Journal of Neuroendocrinology
|August 12, 1999
PubMed
Summary
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Elevated fetal cortisol suppressed adrenal phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) mRNA expression in sheep. This suggests glucocorticoids may inhibit adrenaline synthesis before birth.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Cortisol is a key fetal stress hormone.
  • Glucocorticoids play crucial roles in fetal development.
  • The impact of elevated fetal cortisol on adrenal catecholamine synthesis is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of chronic elevated fetal plasma cortisol on adrenal catecholamine synthetic enzyme and proenkephalin A mRNA expression in fetal sheep.

Main Methods:

  • Fetal sheep received cortisol or saline infusions for 7 days.
  • Plasma cortisol and ACTH levels were measured.
  • Adrenal PNMT and tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA expression were analyzed using Northern blot analysis.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Cortisol infusion significantly increased fetal plasma cortisol levels.
  • Adrenal PNMT mRNA expression was reduced fivefold in cortisol-infused fetuses.
  • The area of the adrenal medulla staining positively for PNMT was also reduced.

Conclusions:

  • Chronic elevation of fetal cortisol suppresses PNMT mRNA expression in fetal sheep.
  • Glucocorticoids may directly or indirectly inhibit adrenaline synthesis by affecting PNMT mRNA expression before birth.