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Lidocaine pharmacokinetics during hyperbaric hyperoxia in humans
A F Rump1, U Siekmann, D C Fischer
1Department of Anesthesiology, Aachen University of Technology, Germany.
Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine
|August 14, 1999
Summary
Hyperbaric hyperoxia (HBO) did not alter lidocaine pharmacokinetics in human volunteers. However, side effects like dizziness were more pronounced under HBO, suggesting pharmacodynamic interactions rather than altered drug disposition.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Hyperbaric Medicine
- Toxicology
Background:
- Drug disposition can be affected by hyperbaric conditions, particularly changes in liver perfusion.
- Lidocaine, a drug with liver-elimination and perfusion-limited clearance, is susceptible to such influences.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effect of hyperbaric hyperoxia (HBO) on the pharmacokinetics of lidocaine in human volunteers.
- To determine if HBO conditions alter lidocaine's absorption, distribution, metabolism, or excretion.
Main Methods:
- A crossover trial involving human volunteers administered a single dose of lidocaine intravenously.
- Drug administration occurred under normobaric (NB) and hyperbaric/hyperoxic (HBO) conditions.
- Serum lidocaine concentrations were measured over time, and pharmacokinetic parameters were analyzed using a two-compartment model.
Main Results:
- Pharmacokinetic parameters for lidocaine (e.g., T1/2beta, CI, Vss) were consistent with previously published data.
- No statistically significant effects of HBO on lidocaine disposition were observed (p > 0.05).
- Increased side effects, including dizziness and tremors, were noted under HBO, despite concentrations below therapeutic levels.
Conclusions:
- Single exposure to HBO under typical therapeutic conditions does not appear to clinically influence lidocaine pharmacokinetics in humans.
- The observed side effects of lidocaine under HBO are likely due to pharmacodynamic interactions between the drug and the hyperbaric/hyperoxic environment.