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Renal processing of glucose in well and sick neonates

M G Coulthard1, E N Hey

  • 1Department of Child Health Royal Victoria Infirmary Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4LP.

Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition
|August 17, 1999
PubMed

Insights

Neonates

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal physiology
  • Renal function in infants

Background:

  • Understanding renal glucose handling is crucial for managing sick neonates.
  • Limited data exists on glucose excretion in neonates under varying clinical conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify renal glucose processing in neonates.
  • To compare glucose excretion in sick versus well neonates.

Main Methods:

  • Measured glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal glucose, sodium, and water processing.
  • Utilized prolonged inulin infusion in 47 infants (26-40 weeks gestation, 1-13 days old).

Main Results:

  • GFR increased post-ventilation; clinical instability did not affect GFR.
  • Fractional glucose excretion was generally low but higher in ventilated neonates.
  • Ventilation, clinical status, and glycosuria did not impact water and sodium balance.

Conclusions:

  • Neonates are unlikely to develop osmotic diuresis from glycosuria below 12 mmol/l blood glucose.
  • Low GFR, high fluid intake, and urine flow protect neonates from osmotic diuresis.
Abstract

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