Evaluation of the one-minute ultra-rapid urease test for diagnosing Helicobacter pylori

To determine the diagnostic accuracy of the one-minute ultra-rapid urease test for diagnosing Helicobacter pylori infection, two biopsies were taken from both the gastric corpus and antrum from 1000 patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. All the biopsies were subjected to the one-minute ultra-rapid urease test before imprint smears were prepared from them. Thereafter, the biopsies were fixed in 10% formalin and histological sections were examined for the presence of H pylori by a pathologist who was not aware of the clinical details or the results of the urease test. The prevalence of H pylori in the gastric antrum and corpus was 86.7% and 53.3%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value and the overall diagnostic accuracy of the ultra-rapid urease test to diagnose H pylori infection in the gastric antrum were 92%, 100%, 100%, 66%, and 93%, respectively. The corresponding figures for the gastric corpus were 83%, 100%, 100%, 85%, and 91%, respectively. It is concluded that the one-minute ultra-rapid urease test has a high sensitivity and specificity and may be used as a rapid and cheap method to diagnose H pylori infection.