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Herpes simplex peritonitis: case report.

R Yakulis1, T J Babinchak

  • 1Department of Pathology, Saint Francis Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15201, USA. cacy777@aol.com

Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
|August 18, 1999
PubMed
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Peritonitis in chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients can be caused by viruses, not just bacteria. This case highlights herpes simplex virus as a potential cause of peritonitis, previously unrecognized.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology

Background:

  • Peritonitis is a common complication in patients undergoing chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD).
  • Typically, gram-positive bacterial infections are the most frequent cause of CAPD peritonitis.
  • Negative bacterial cultures occur in a significant percentage of cases.

Observation:

  • A 60-year-old female undergoing CAPD presented with peritonitis.
  • Herpes simplex virus was identified as the causative agent.
  • This represents the first documented case of herpes simplex peritonitis in a CAPD patient.

Findings:

  • Viral etiologies, such as herpes simplex virus, should be considered in CAPD peritonitis, especially with negative bacterial cultures.
  • Negative cultures can occur with fastidious organisms, prior antibiotic use, or chemical peritonitis, masking viral causes.

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  • Herpes simplex peritonitis may be an underdiagnosed cause of peritonitis in CAPD patients.

    • Implications:

    • The differential diagnosis for CAPD peritonitis should include viral infections.
    • Recognizing viral peritonitis can lead to earlier and more appropriate treatment.
    • Further investigation into viral causes of peritonitis in CAPD patients is warranted.