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[Etiology of central diabetes insipidus in children]
E García García1, J P López Siguero, G Milano Manso
1Dpto. Pediatría, Complejo hospitalario Carlos Haya, Málaga.
Insights
Brain death is the most common cause of central diabetes insipidus (CDI) in children under 14. Onset of CDI symptoms occurred within a week of the underlying cause in all pediatric patients studied.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Endocrinology
- Neuroscience
- Critical Care Medicine
Context:
- Central diabetes insipidus (CDI) is a rare condition in children.
- Understanding the causes and timing of CDI onset is crucial for timely diagnosis and management.
- Etiological factors for CDI can vary significantly in pediatric populations.
Purpose:
- To identify the primary causes of central diabetes insipidus (CDI) in children younger than 14 years.
- To determine the time interval between the causative event and the clinical manifestation of CDI.
- To analyze the etiological spectrum of CDI in a pediatric cohort.
Summary:
- A retrospective study analyzed 33 children diagnosed with CDI between 1988 and 1997.
- Brain death was the leading cause of CDI, identified in 51% of cases.
- Intracranial tumors and other causes accounted for the remaining diagnoses, with unknown etiology in a small percentage. The onset of CDI was consistently observed within seven days of the etiological event.
Impact:
- This study highlights brain death as the predominant etiology for pediatric CDI.
- The findings emphasize the rapid onset of CDI following its cause, underscoring the need for vigilant monitoring in at-risk pediatric patients.
- Provides valuable epidemiological data for understanding CDI in children, aiding clinical practice and future research.
Objective:
The aim of this report were to document the etiology of central diabetes insipidus (CDI) in children under fourteen years of age and to describe the time of onset of CDI after its cause.
Patients And Methods:
A descriptive-retrospective study using the records of 33 children diagnosed of CDI between January 1988 and December 1997 was performed.
Results:
Brain death produced CDI in seventeen patients, intracranial tumors in five (after excision of the tumor) and seven had other causes. No etiology was detected in four. Time interval from the cause, when known, to the onset of CDI was always less than seven days.
Conclusions:
The most frequent etiology of CDI in children was brain death (51%). In all of our patients, the time of onset of CDI was less than one week.