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Related Experiment Videos

Serum prolactin levels after seizure and syncopal attacks.

I Lusić1, I Pintarić, I Hozo

  • 1Clinical Hospital Split, Department of Neurology, Spinciceva 1, Split, 21000, Croatia. ivo.lusic@st.tel.hr

Seizure
|August 24, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Elevated serum prolactin levels after seizures are not a reliable indicator for distinguishing between epileptic and syncope attacks. This study found increased prolactin in both conditions, limiting its diagnostic value.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Endocrinology
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Distinguishing syncope from epileptic seizures is clinically challenging due to overlapping symptoms like loss of consciousness and muscle activity.
  • Elevated serum prolactin levels (SPRL) post-event have been proposed as a biomarker to differentiate epileptic seizures from syncopal attacks.
  • The proposed mechanism involves epileptic activity affecting the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, leading to hormone release.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the utility of serum prolactin levels in differentiating complex partial seizures (CPS) from vasovagal syncope (VVS).
  • To determine if post-event SPRL measurements can reliably distinguish between epileptic and non-epileptic (syncopal) attacks.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective measurement of serum prolactin levels in patients diagnosed with CPS and VVS.

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  • Blood samples were collected within 1 hour post-event, 1 hour later, and 24 hours after the initial event.
  • In total, 18 patients with CPS and 15 patients with VVS were analyzed over an 18-month period.

    • Main Results:

    • Mean SPRL levels were elevated immediately after both CPS (1142 +/- 305 mIU/l) and VVS (874 +/- 208 mIU/l).
    • Elevated SPRL was observed in 78% of CPS patients and 60% of VVS patients immediately post-event.
    • The observed overlap in SPRL levels suggests limited diagnostic value.

    Conclusions:

    • Elevated serum prolactin levels immediately following an event are not a significant diagnostic tool for differentiating between epileptic seizures and vasovagal syncope.
    • The findings challenge the previous hypothesis regarding SPRL as a reliable differentiator for these conditions.