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Orofacial indices: a study in 240 Nigerian children.

O M Oluwatosin1, O A Oluwatosin

  • 1Department of Surgery, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.

African Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences
|August 24, 1999
PubMed
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This study establishes normal orofacial indices for Nigerian children, revealing age-related variations. These findings provide crucial baseline data for reconstructive surgery in Black children.

Area of Science:

  • Craniofacial morphology
  • Pediatric anthropometry
  • Oral and maxillofacial surgery

Background:

  • Establishing normative orofacial data is essential for diagnosing and treating craniofacial abnormalities.
  • Previous studies have not comprehensively documented orofacial indices in Nigerian children.
  • Understanding age and sex-specific variations is critical for accurate clinical assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine normal orofacial indices in Nigerian children under 12 years old.
  • To analyze variations in these indices based on age and sex.
  • To provide baseline data for surgical interventions in the orofacial region.

Main Methods:

  • Measurements of mouth width, upper vermilion area, lip curvature, lip height, and oral aperture were taken.

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  • Children were categorized by age (grouped) and sex.
  • Statistical analysis was performed to identify significant differences and variations.

    • Main Results:

    • Orofacial indices demonstrated significant variations with age in Nigerian children.
    • No significant sex-based differences were observed, except for upper lip elasticity in 10-11-year-olds.
    • The coefficient of upper lip curvature peaked in 2-3-year-olds for both sexes.

    Conclusions:

    • The established orofacial indices offer valuable baseline data for the Black pediatric population.
    • These findings can aid in the surgical planning and execution of orofacial repairs and reconstructions.
    • Further research can build upon these normative values for improved clinical outcomes.