[Vessels of the brachial plexus].

Area of Science:

• Anatomy
• Vascular Biology
• Embryology

Context:

• Detailed understanding of the brachial plexus's vascularization is crucial for surgical procedures and diagnosing vascular-related neurological conditions.
• The study utilizes injected specimens from older human fetuses to visualize arterial pathways.
• Investigates the direct and secondary arterial branches supplying the brachial plexus.

Purpose:

• To meticulously describe the arterial blood supply to the human brachial plexus.
• To identify all direct and anastomosing arterial sources contributing to the plexus's vascularization.
• To characterize the vascular architecture within the brachial plexus.

Summary:

• The brachial plexus is supplied by direct arterial branches from the aortic arch/brachiocephalica trunk, subclavian artery, thyrocervical trunk, ascending cervical artery, transverse cervical artery, and suprascapular artery.
• An acromial network also contributes to the blood supply.
• Secondary branches exhibit anastomoses and flow from distal to proximal, indicating a well-developed vascular system.

Impact:

• Provides a comprehensive anatomical map of the brachial plexus vasculature.
• Highlights the 'luxurious' blood supply, suggesting significant resilience and regenerative potential.
• Informs clinical practices in neurosurgery, vascular surgery, and trauma management involving the upper limb and brachial plexus.