Floater males gain reproductive success through extrapair fertilizations in the stitchbird

We used minisatellite DNA profiling to assign parentage to stitchbird, Notiomystis cincta, chicks from a breeding population on Tiritiri Matangi Island off the coast of the North Island of New Zealand. The small population size allowed samples to be collected from all potential parents and nearly (33/34 nestlings) complete assignment of paternity. Analysis revealed that 35% of nestlings (12/34) were the result of extrapair copulation and that extrapair young were present in 80% of nests (8/10). About half of the extrapair nestlings were the offspring of unpaired males. This is substantially higher than predicted from the literature, which suggests that extrapair paternity is typically gained by paired males. Copyright 1999 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour.