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Probing plant cell structure and function with viral movement proteins.

S G Lazarowitz1

  • 1Cornell University, Department of Plant Pathology, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA. SGL5@cornell.edu

Current Opinion in Plant Biology
|August 25, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Plant viruses use movement proteins to overcome cell walls, enabling systemic infection. These viral proteins are crucial tools for studying plant cell transport and structure.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Virology
  • Molecular Plant Pathology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Plant viruses employ movement proteins (MPs) to breach the plant cell wall, a primary defense mechanism.
  • MPs facilitate systemic infection by enabling virus cell-to-cell movement through plasmodesmata.
  • Recent advances have illuminated the multifaceted roles of MPs in viral disease and plant cell function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of virus-encoded movement proteins in plant-virus interactions.
  • To highlight the role of MPs in overcoming plant physical defenses and enabling systemic spread.
  • To emphasize the utility of MPs as tools for investigating plant cell macromolecular transport.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on plant virus movement proteins.

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  • Analysis of molecular and cellular mechanisms of MP function.
  • Integration of findings on MP roles in viral replication and intercellular transport.

    • Main Results:

    • Movement proteins are essential for all plant viruses to penetrate cell walls and establish systemic infections.
    • MPs interact with plasmodesmata, revealing the dynamic nature of these intercellular channels.
    • MPs are increasingly recognized for their roles in coordinating viral genome replication and transport.

    Conclusions:

    • Movement proteins provide unique insights into fundamental plant cell macromolecular transport mechanisms.
    • Understanding MPs advances plant virology and offers novel approaches to study plant cell biology.
    • MPs are key players in viral pathogenesis and essential for dissecting intercellular communication in plants.