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Monoclonal antibody-directed cytotoxic therapy: potential in malignant diseases of aging
1The Austin Research Institute, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Abstract:
The advent of monoclonal antibodies has allowed the development of tumour directed therapies utilising antibody-dependent effector mechanisms and immunoconjugates (e.g. drug, isotope and toxin coupled antibodies) against human malignancies. Preclinical studies in mouse tumour models have been most impressive and have led to numerous clinical trials. Whereas the majority of these phase I/II trials have been less impressive, a few trials have shown efficacy in highly pre-treated refractory patients and have led to phase III trials. The therapeutic monoclonal antibodies examined in these trials will become clinically available in the near future. In this review, various methods of utilising antibody-directed anticancer strategies are presented, with emphasis on recent advances in the field. The advantages and disadvantages of these methods together with the role of antibody-directed therapeutics in cancer management are discussed.
Insights
Monoclonal antibodies offer promising cancer therapies, including antibody-drug conjugates, with ongoing clinical trials showing potential in refractory patients. This review explores antibody-directed anticancer strategies and their role in cancer management.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have revolutionized cancer treatment by enabling targeted therapies.
- These therapies utilize antibody-dependent effector mechanisms and immunoconjugates (e.g., drug, isotope, toxin-coupled antibodies) against human malignancies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review various antibody-directed anticancer strategies.
- To emphasize recent advances in the field of antibody-based cancer therapeutics.
- To discuss the advantages and disadvantages of these methods in cancer management.
Main Methods:
- Review of preclinical studies in mouse tumor models.
- Analysis of numerous clinical trials (Phase I/II and Phase III).
- Discussion of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies and immunoconjugates.
Main Results:
- Preclinical studies in mouse models have shown impressive results.
- While many Phase I/II trials were less impressive, some demonstrated efficacy in highly pre-treated, refractory patients, leading to Phase III trials.
- Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies are expected to become clinically available soon.
Conclusions:
- Antibody-directed therapies represent a significant advancement in cancer treatment.
- Further research and clinical trials are crucial to optimize the use of these agents.
- Monoclonal antibodies hold considerable promise for improving cancer management strategies.