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Etiology and outcome of chronic renal failure in Indian children

S Gulati1, S Mittal, R K Sharma

  • 1Department of Nephrology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow - 226014, UP, India, sgulati@sgpgi.ac.in

Pediatric Nephrology (Berlin, Germany)
|August 25, 1999
PubMed

Insights

Chronic renal failure (CRF) in Indian children presents late and has a poor prognosis. Limited access and high costs of renal replacement therapy contribute to poor outcomes in pediatric kidney disease.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Renal Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Chronic renal failure (CRF) is a significant health concern in pediatric populations.
  • Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for managing pediatric kidney disease.
  • Understanding the epidemiology and outcomes of CRF in specific regions like India is vital.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prospectively analyze new pediatric cases of chronic renal failure (CRF) over one year.
  • To identify the causes, clinical presentation, and outcomes of CRF in Indian children.
  • To evaluate the prognostic factors influencing pediatric CRF in the Indian healthcare setting.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective analysis of 48 new pediatric CRF cases.
  • Diagnosis based on serum creatinine >2 mg/dl with clinical, laboratory, and radiological support.
  • Data collection on patient demographics, causes of CRF, duration of symptoms, comorbidities, and treatment outcomes.

Main Results:

  • The median age of patients was 13 years; common causes included glomerulonephritis (37.5%) and obstruction/interstitial diseases (52%).
  • Over half of the patients (54%) presented with end-stage renal disease.
  • At follow-up, significant proportions were on conservative treatment (21%), dialysis (14.6%), or had received transplants (16.7%), with a mortality rate of 8.3%.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric CRF in India is characterized by late presentation and a poor prognosis.
  • Late referral, limited availability, and high costs of renal replacement therapy are major contributing factors.
  • Improved access to timely diagnosis and affordable renal replacement therapies are essential for better outcomes.

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