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Related Experiment Videos

[Empty sella syndrome].

A Kułakowska1, J Kochanowicz, W Drozdowski

  • 1Kliniki Neurologii Akademii Medycznej w Białymstoku.

Neurologia I Neurochirurgia Polska
|August 27, 1999
PubMed
Summary
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Empty sella syndrome, a condition where the pituitary gland is not fully visible on imaging, can cause severe headaches in middle-aged women. Diagnostic challenges and treatment options for this rare condition are explored.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Radiology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Empty sella syndrome is a condition characterized by the pituitary gland appearing flattened or absent within the sella turcica on imaging.
  • This syndrome can present with various symptoms, including headaches, visual disturbances, and hormonal imbalances.

Observation:

  • Two middle-aged female patients presented with severe fronto-parietal and fronto-temporal headaches.
  • Physical examination revealed obesity, hypertension, and localized tenderness in the head.
  • Imaging studies, including CT and MRI, confirmed the presence of empty sella.

Findings:

  • Despite severe headaches, endocrine pituitary function, visual fields, fundi, EEG, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) composition and pressure were all normal.
  • This suggests that headaches in empty sella syndrome may not always correlate with pituitary dysfunction or increased intracranial pressure.

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Implications:

  • The case highlights the diagnostic challenges associated with empty sella syndrome, particularly when patients present with non-specific symptoms like headaches.
  • It underscores the importance of considering empty sella syndrome in the differential diagnosis of chronic headaches, even in the absence of typical associated findings.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the pathophysiology of headaches in empty sella syndrome and to establish optimal diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.