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Risk factors for duodenal ulcer in north India.

A Jain1, S Buddhiraja, B Khurana

  • 1Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi.

Tropical Gastroenterology : Official Journal of the Digestive Diseases Foundation
|August 28, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Smoking, alcohol, NSAIDs, and low fiber intake are significant risk factors for duodenal ulcers in North India. Helicobacter pylori infection is also strongly linked to this condition.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Epidemiology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Duodenal ulcer disease (DUD) poses a significant health burden.
  • Identifying associated risk factors and causative agents is crucial for effective prevention and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the association of lifestyle factors (smoking, alcohol, NSAIDs, diet) with chronic duodenal ulcers.
  • To establish the link between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and duodenal ulcers in Indian subjects.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 160 duodenal ulcer patients and 160 controls with non-ulcer dyspepsia.
  • Data collection through questionnaires and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.
  • H. pylori detection using rapid urease test, histology, culture, and serum antibody (ELISA).

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Main Results:

  • Higher prevalence of smoking (80% vs 49%), alcohol consumption (58% vs 15%), NSAID use (29% vs 11%), and low fiber intake (66% vs 39%) in duodenal ulcer patients.
  • H. pylori infection prevalence was significantly higher in duodenal ulcer patients (82.5%) compared to controls (50.6%).

Conclusions:

  • Alcohol, smoking, inadequate fiber intake, and NSAID use are identified risk factors for duodenal ulcers in North India.
  • H. pylori infection demonstrates a strong association with duodenal ulcer disease in this population.