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Endotoxin release due to ciprofloxacin measured by three different methods
M Trautmann1, M Heinemann, A Möricke
1Department of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Ulm, Germany. matthias.trautmann@medizin.uni-ulm.de
Journal of Chemotherapy (Florence, Italy)
|August 28, 1999
Summary
Ciprofloxacin antibiotic showed low endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide/LPS) release from Escherichia coli. This LPS also demonstrated reduced bioactivity, highlighting the importance of assay methods in antibiotic-induced LPS release studies.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Pharmacology
- Immunology
Background:
- Antibiotics can trigger the release of endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide/LPS) from gram-negative bacteria.
- Previous research on quinolone antibiotics' effect on LPS liberation yielded inconsistent results.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of ciprofloxacin on LPS release and bioactivity in Escherichia coli cultures.
- To compare ciprofloxacin's effects with those of imipenem and ceftazidime.
- To evaluate different methods for measuring LPS levels and bioactivity.
Main Methods:
- Bacterial killing and free LPS concentrations were determined for ciprofloxacin, imipenem, and ceftazidime.
- LPS levels were measured using the Limulus amebocyte lysate test, ELISA, and TNFalpha induction assays.
- LPS bioactivity was assessed by its ability to induce TNFalpha release from monocytic cells.
Main Results:
- Ciprofloxacin exhibited low endotoxin-releasing activity, confirmed by both Limulus and ELISA assays.
- The LPS released by ciprofloxacin showed significantly lower bioactivity in terms of TNFalpha induction compared to expectations.
- Limulus LPS determinations correlated better with LPS bioactivity than ELISA values.
Conclusions:
- Ciprofloxacin induces minimal LPS release with low bioactivity.
- The choice of method for LPS determination is critical for accurately assessing antibiotic-induced LPS release.
- Findings challenge previous assumptions about quinolone antibiotic-induced endotoxin release and bioactivity.