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Tumescent anesthesia in ambulatory phlebectomy: addition of epinephrine
1Dermatology Associates of San Diego County, Inc., La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
Background:
The advantages of using tumescent anesthesia for ambulatory phlebectomy have recently been described. Previously, tumescent solutions have avoided epinephrine for concerns of toxicity given the large volume of anesthetic sometimes used.
Objective:
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of using epinephrine in the tumescent anesthesia solution during ambulatory phlebectomy.
Methods:
Over the course of 1 year, epinephrine in the concentration of 1:100,000 was added to the tumescent solution of patients undergoing ambulatory phlebectomy. A retrospective review of 94 sequential patients was performed to determine the rate of complications associated with the procedure.
Results:
The complication rate was considerably improved using tumescent lidocaine with epinephrine compared to a previously performed study of tumescent lidocaine without epinephrine. The rate of hematoma was decreased to nil while the rate of hyperpigmentation decreased from 3.6% to 0%. Overall, the rate of complications was improved when epinephrine was added to the tumescent lidocaine solution. Blood pressure measured every 5 minutes and heart rate measured continuously did not significantly change before, during or after infiltration of the anesthetic solution.
Conclusions:
Epinephrine in appropriate concentrations is clearly safe when used in the tumescent anesthetic solution during ambulatory phlebectomy and should be used to reduce the incidence of hematoma and hyperpigmentation.