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[Dyspnea and panic attacks].

J Cottraux1

  • 1Psychiatre des hôpitaux, l'Université Lyon 1.

Revue Des Maladies Respiratoires
|September 3, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Cognitive-behavioral therapies (CBT) effectively treat panic attacks, offering long-lasting relief without the relapse common with medication alone. CBT utilizes techniques like respiratory regulation for managing anxiety symptoms.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology and Psychiatry
  • Behavioral Medicine
  • Respiratory Physiology

Background:

  • Panic attacks frequently manifest with respiratory symptoms, notably dyspnea (shortness of breath).
  • Existing biological, behavioral, and cognitive models explain panic attacks, including the 'false suffocation alarm model'.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present biological and cognitive-behavioral treatment models for panic attacks.
  • To highlight the role of respiratory regulation and hyperventilation techniques in managing panic disorder.

Main Methods:

  • Review of biological, behavioral, and cognitive models of panic attacks.
  • Description of biological and cognitive-behavioral treatment strategies.
  • Analysis of controlled studies and meta-analyses comparing treatment efficacy.

Main Results:

  • Cognitive-behavioral therapies (CBT) are shown to be a viable alternative to anxiolytics and antidepressants for panic attacks, with or without agoraphobia.
  • CBT demonstrates long-lasting effects in managing panic disorder.
  • Patients treated solely with medication often experience relapse upon cessation of pharmacological treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive-behavioral therapies offer a durable and effective treatment for panic attacks.
  • Respiratory regulation techniques integrated into CBT are crucial for symptom management.
  • CBT provides a sustainable alternative to pharmacotherapy, mitigating relapse risks associated with medication withdrawal.

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