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Human otoacariasis
R Indudharan1, M Ahamad, T M Ho
1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Abstract:
Accidental entry of insects and other arthropods is a common aetiology of aural foreign bodies (FB) presenting to accident and emergency departments. A retrospective study revealed that the FB in almost half (148) of 348 cases of aural FB investigated at the Universiti Sains Malaysia Hospital was an arthropod. The most common arthropod encountered was the cockroach, followed by a cattle tick. The high prevalence of tick infestation of the human ear canal (i.e. human otoacariasis) currently appears to be unique to the Malaysian state of Kelantan. The presentation of patients with intra-aural ticks, the methods used to remove the ticks, the complications encountered, and recommendations for an appropriate course of action in such cases are discussed.
Insights
Arthropods, such as cockroaches and ticks, are common causes of ear foreign bodies (FB). A study found human otoacariasis, or ear tick infestation, is uniquely prevalent in Kelantan, Malaysia.
Area of Science:
- Otolaryngology
- Medical Entomology
- Public Health
Background:
- Aural foreign bodies (FB) are frequently encountered in emergency departments.
- Arthropods represent a significant portion of these foreign bodies.
- Human otoacariasis, specifically tick infestation of the ear canal, has a notable prevalence in certain regions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of arthropod aural foreign bodies.
- To identify the common types of arthropods found in the ear canal.
- To describe the clinical presentation, management, and complications of human otoacariasis in Kelantan, Malaysia.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective study of 348 cases of aural foreign bodies at Universiti Sains Malaysia Hospital.
- Data collection on the type of foreign body, patient demographics, and removal methods.
- Analysis of arthropod types, with specific focus on ticks and their prevalence.
Main Results:
- Arthropods were identified as the foreign body in 148 out of 348 (42.5%) investigated cases.
- Cockroaches were the most frequently identified arthropod, followed by cattle ticks.
- A high prevalence of tick infestation in the human ear canal (human otoacariasis) was observed, appearing unique to Kelantan.
Conclusions:
- Arthropods are a common cause of aural foreign bodies, necessitating specific diagnostic and management considerations.
- Human otoacariasis presents a unique public health challenge in Kelantan, Malaysia.
- Further research and public awareness are recommended for the prevention and management of ear canal arthropod infestations.