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Rabies in skunks from Mexico.

M Aranda1, L López-de Buen

  • 1Instituto de Ecología, A.C. Departamento de Ecología y Comportamiento Animal, Veracruz, Mexico. arandarn@ecologia.edu.mx

Journal of Wildlife Diseases
|September 9, 1999
PubMed
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Rabies is prevalent in skunks in Mexico, posing a public health risk. This enzootic focus requires further research to prevent human attacks by rabid skunks.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary medicine
  • Epidemiology
  • Public health

Background:

  • An enzootic focus of rabies in skunks was identified in central San Luis Potosi State, Mexico.
  • Rabies is a significant zoonotic disease with potential for enzootic cycles in wildlife populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the epidemiology of rabies in wild animals, with a focus on skunks, in central Mexico.
  • To assess the public health implications of skunk-mediated rabies transmission.

Main Methods:

  • A total of 53 wild animals, including 12 skunks, were tested for rabies using direct immunofluorescence assay between 1991 and 1997.
  • Species identification and details of human-animal interactions were recorded for rabid animals.

Main Results:

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  • Rabies was detected in 21% of all tested mammals, with skunks showing a high prevalence (83%).
  • Skunks accounted for 23% of tested mammals but 40% of all rabies cases in 1997 and 100% of wild animal rabies cases in the state.
  • All 10 identified skunks (three hog-nosed, seven spotted) were involved in human attacks, with attacks occurring indoors and outdoors.

Conclusions:

  • Skunks represent a significant reservoir for rabies in this region of Mexico, posing a considerable public health threat.
  • Urgent epidemiological research and public awareness campaigns are necessary to mitigate the risk of human attacks by rabid skunks.