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Rabies01:28

Rabies

Rabies is a lethal zoonotic disease caused by a single-stranded, negative-sense RNA virus of the Lyssavirus genus, within the family Rhabdoviridae. Its primary mode of transmission to humans is through bites or saliva-contaminated scratches from infected mammals such as dogs, bats, raccoons, or foxes. Transmission can also occur if infectious saliva contacts abraded skin or intact mucous membranes, including the conjunctiva.Viral Entry and Early ReplicationOnce introduced at the bite or scratch...

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In Vivo Gene Transfer to the Rabbit Common Carotid Artery Endothelium
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Bovine leukemia virus structural gene vectors are immunogenic and lack pathogenicity in a rabbit model.

L Kucerova1, V Altanerova, C Altaner

  • 1Cancer Research Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, SK-833 91 Bratislava, Slovakia.

Journal of Virology
|September 11, 1999
PubMed
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A novel bovine leukemia virus structural gene vector (BLV SGV) shows promise as a vaccine candidate. BLV SGV is infectious and immunogenic in rabbits, but unlike wild-type BLV, it does not cause disease, supporting its use for retroviral vaccines.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Virology
  • Retroviral Research
  • Vaccine Development

Background:

  • Complex retroviruses, such as bovine leukemia virus (BLV), pose significant health challenges.
  • BLV infection in rabbits typically leads to immunodeficiency and fatality within a year.
  • Developing safe and effective vaccines against retroviral infections is a critical area of research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the pathogenicity of a replication-competent BLV structural gene vector (BLV SGV) in rabbits.
  • To compare the infection, immunogenicity, and clinical outcomes of BLV and BLV SGV in rabbits.
  • To test the hypothesis that BLV SGV is nonpathogenic in rabbits.

Main Methods:

  • Three groups of rabbits were inoculated with BLV, BLV SGV, or control DNA.
  • Infection levels, proviral load, and seroconversion rates were monitored over 20 months.
  • Clinical signs and survival rates were recorded to assess pathogenicity.

Main Results:

  • BLV infection recapitulated the fatal disease, causing immunodeficiency and death in rabbits.
  • BLV SGV infection led to seroconversion to BLV structural proteins, similar to BLV.
  • BLV SGV exhibited a reduced proviral load and did not induce the immunodeficiency-like syndrome observed with BLV.

Conclusions:

  • BLV SGV is infectious and immunogenic in rabbits.
  • BLV SGV lacks the pathogenicity of wild-type BLV in rabbits.
  • The modified BLV SGV vector is a potential candidate for developing vaccines against complex retroviruses.