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Balloon dilatation in achalasia cardia
Insights
Pneumatic dilatation is a safe and effective treatment for achalasia cardia in Indian patients. This study shows high success rates with minimal complications, establishing it as a viable option.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Interventional Endoscopy
Background:
- Achalasia cardia is a rare esophageal motility disorder.
- Pneumatic dilatation is a recognized treatment, but data from Indian populations are limited.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy and safety of pneumatic dilatation for achalasia cardia in Indian patients.
- To assess the success rates and complication profile of this procedure in a local context.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective analysis of 38 Indian patients diagnosed with achalasia cardia.
- Diagnosis confirmed via clinical examination, barium swallow, and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.
- Treatment involved pneumatic dilatation, with repeat procedures as needed.
Main Results:
- A high success rate was observed: 76.3% improved after the first dilatation.
- An additional 21% and 2.6% required second and third dilatations, respectively.
- Complications were low, with immediate and late rates of 13% and 5.2%.
Conclusions:
- Pneumatic dilatation is a simple, safe, and effective treatment for achalasia cardia in Indian patients.
- The procedure demonstrates favorable outcomes and a manageable complication profile in this demographic.
- Further studies can explore long-term outcomes and comparative effectiveness.
Abstract:
Treatment of achalasia cardia by pneumatic dilatation is an established method. However, data on results of pneumatic dilatation in Indian patients with achalasia cardia are scarce. We report our experience with treatment of achalasia cardia by pneumatic dilatation in 38 patients. The diagnosis of achalasia cardia was based on clinical examination, barium swallow and upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy. Twenty nine (76.3%) patients improved with first dilatation, 8 (21%) patients had to undergo second dilatation and 1 (2.6%) required a third. Most of the patients remained asymptomatic during a follow-up of 6 months to 6 years. Immediate and late complications occurred in 5 (13%) and 2 (5.2%) patients, respectively. Thus, pneumatic dilatation is a simple, safe and effective method for treating Indian patients with achalasia cardia.