A cross-sectional study on compulsive behaviour (stable vices) in horses

Area of Science:

• Equine behavior and welfare
• Animal science
• Veterinary epidemiology

Background:

• Compulsive behaviors in horses are a significant welfare concern.
• Factors influencing these behaviors are not fully understood.
• Previous research has focused on individual horse characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the influence of individual and stable-level factors on compulsive behaviors in horses.
• To differentiate between causal and modulating factors in the prevalence of these behaviors.
• To provide insights for improved equine management and welfare.

Main Methods:

• A survey study involving 769 horses across 32 stables in Ontario.
• Data collected on individual (breed, age, sex) and stable-level factors (housing, management, exercise).
• Statistical analysis included Chi-square, t-tests, and stepwise logistic regression.

Main Results:

• Individual factors significantly affected most compulsive behaviors.
• Stable-level factors, especially exercise, showed significance conditionally but not always in logistic regression.
• Stall-kicking was more prevalent in horses with physical contact with others, a significant finding.
• Increased turnout appeared to be an ineffective treatment, while reduced forced exercise was a potential cause.

Conclusions:

• Individual horse characteristics are primary drivers of compulsive behaviors.
• Stable management, particularly exercise, acts as a modulating influence rather than a direct cause.
• Physical contact between horses and reduced forced exercise are significant risk factors for specific compulsive behaviors.