Proteolytic activities of the starch-fermenting ruminal bacterium, Streptococcus bovis

The objective of this study was to characterize the extracellular proteolytic activity of Streptococcus bovis. Strains KEG, JB1, NCFB 2476, and K11.21.09.6C produced very similar large molecular weight (160-200 kDa) extracellular proteases that were specifically inhibited by PMSF, a serine protease inhibitor. Further experiments with S. bovis KEG indicated that cultures grown with casein as the sole added N source produced the greatest level of proteolytic activity, and the level of proteolytic activity was independent of growth rate. Clarified ruminal fluid (CRF) decreased proteolytic activity by 54% compared with cultures grown with casein alone, and addition of exogenous peptides and carbohydrates (CHO) to the CRF further reduced the level of proteolytic activity by 44% and 52%, respectively. These results suggested that the proteolytic activity of S. bovis KEG was modulated by available N source and that the proteolytic activity was present for reasons other than providing N for growth. The role of S. bovis in ruminal proteolysis requires further definition, but phenotypic similarity among some ruminal strains would suggest a common niche in ruminal proteolysis. The uniformity of proteolytic activities could make S. bovis a prime candidate for manipulation in ruminal proteolysis control strategies.