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[Enteral, nutritional support for critically ill patients].
J H Robben1, M D Zaal, J M Hallebeek
1Hoofdafdeling Geneeskunde van Gezelschapsdieren, Intensieve Zorg Afdeling, Faculteit der Diergeneeskunde, Universiteit Utrecht.
Tijdschrift Voor Diergeneeskunde
|September 16, 1999
Summary
Critically ill patients experience hypermetabolism, leading to negative energy balance. Nutritional support, including specific amino acids and fats, is crucial for recovery and preventing organ failure.
Area of Science:
- Metabolic changes in critically ill patients
- Nutritional support strategies
Context:
- Critically ill patients exhibit hypermetabolism and anorexia, resulting in negative energy and nitrogen balance.
- This metabolic state can impair wound healing, reduce resistance, and lead to organ failure.
Purpose:
- To discuss nutritional support interventions for critically ill patients.
- To highlight the role of specific nutrients in counteracting hypermetabolism.
Summary:
- Hypermetabolism increases protein breakdown, necessitating increased protein intake.
- Key nutrients include glutamine for gut health, branched-chain amino acids for energy, arginine for resistance, and n-3 fatty acids for immune function.
- Diets should be fat-rich due to increased energy demands, and zinc supplementation may aid wound healing.
Impact:
- Nutritional support can counteract the detrimental effects of hypermetabolism.
- Enteral nutrition is preferred for its benefits to gut mucosal barrier, cost-effectiveness, and ease of administration.