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Related Experiment Videos

Waveforms of external defibrillators: analysis and energy contribution.

U Achleitner1, A Amann, M Stoffaneller

  • 1Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Leopold-Franzens University of Innsbruck, Institute for Emergency Medicine, Austria.

Resuscitation
|September 17, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Defibrillators deliver variable energy and waveforms, impacting cardiac arrest treatment. Most devices use monophasic waveforms, missing biphasic advantages, necessitating improved energy accuracy and waveform utilization.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Defibrillation is critical for treating cardiac arrest.
  • Optimal pulse energy and waveform are crucial for defibrillation success.
  • Emergency medical services use diverse defibrillators with assumed energy similarity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the actual energy delivery and waveform characteristics of 17 common defibrillators.
  • To compare energy output and waveform type across different defibrillator devices.

Main Methods:

  • Seventeen defibrillators were tested at selected energies (30, 200, 360 J).
  • Devices were discharged into simulated transthoracic impedances (25, 50, 100 Ohms).
  • Pulse energy and waveform characteristics were analyzed, focusing on initial energy delivery.

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Main Results:

  • Actual pulse energy varied significantly, deviating up to +23% or -29% from selected levels.
  • Initial pulse energy within 8 ms ranged from 30% to 90% of the total energy delivered.
  • Fourteen devices produced monophasic pulses, even when designed for damped sinusoidal waveforms, across tested impedances.

Conclusions:

  • Defibrillators set to the same energy level do not guarantee equivalent energy output.
  • The potential benefits of biphasic waveforms are largely unrealized, as most devices employ monophasic output.
  • Improvements in defibrillator energy accuracy and wider adoption of biphasic waveforms are recommended.