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Fasciolicides: efficacy, actions, resistance and its management
1School of Biology and Biochemistry, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT9 7BL, UK. i.fairweather@qub.ac.uk
Veterinary Journal (London, England : 1997)
|September 18, 1999
Summary
Fasciolicides target fluke parasites through various mechanisms, including disrupting energy metabolism, protein synthesis, and microtubule functions. Strategies like drug combinations and vaccines are crucial for managing resistance.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Parasitology
- Drug Discovery
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Fasciolicides are essential for controlling liver fluke infections in livestock.
- Understanding their precise mechanisms of action is critical for effective treatment and resistance management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of the diverse modes of action of currently used and emerging fasciolicides.
- To discuss the implications of drug resistance and outline strategies for its mitigation.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and synthesis of existing research on fasciolicide mechanisms.
- Analysis of biochemical and molecular targets of different drug classes.
- Examination of field data on drug resistance and proposed management strategies.
Main Results:
- Salicylanilides (e.g., closantel) uncouple oxidative phosphorylation, disrupting fluke energy metabolism.
- Benzimidazoles (e.g., triclabendazole) bind to fluke tubulin, inhibiting microtubule-dependent processes.
- Other fasciolicides like diamphenethide inhibit protein synthesis, and some may have neuromuscular effects.
Conclusions:
- Fasciolicides exhibit varied mechanisms, targeting key cellular processes in liver flukes.
- While drug resistance is emerging, it is not yet widespread, necessitating proactive management.
- Integrated control strategies, including drug combinations and vaccine development, are vital for sustainable parasite control.
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