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Gliomas.

V P Collins1

  • 1Division of Tumor Pathology, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm.

Cancer Surveys
|September 18, 1999
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Glioma progression involves accumulating genetic changes, particularly affecting cell cycle control. Understanding these genetic alterations is key to deciphering early oncogenesis and developing targeted therapies for brain tumors.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuro-oncology
  • Cancer Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Gliomas originate from glial cells in brain tissue, with tumor spectrum varying by age.
  • Premalignant states are poorly understood, limiting knowledge of early oncogenesis.
  • Tumor progression is studied by analyzing different malignancy grades and case histories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the genetic alterations associated with glioma progression.
  • To correlate genetic changes with specific glioma malignancy grades and age demographics.
  • To understand the cellular control mechanisms targeted during glioma development.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of genetic aberrations across different glioma grades (I-IV).
  • Examination of allele loss, gene mutations (e.g., TP53, RB1), and gene amplification.

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  • Correlation of genetic findings with patient age and tumor characteristics.

    • Main Results:

    • Pilocytic astrocytomas (Grade I) lack consistent genetic aberrations.
    • Astrocytomas (Grade II) show allele loss at 13q, 17p, and 22q, with TP53 mutations.
    • Anaplastic astrocytomas (Grade III) and glioblastomas (Grade IV) exhibit increasing genetic abnormalities, particularly affecting cell cycle control (G1 to S phase) and growth factor receptor genes.

    Conclusions:

    • Glioma oncogenesis involves a stepwise accumulation of genetic defects.
    • Aberrations in cell cycle regulation are a common theme across high-grade gliomas.
    • Targeting specific cellular control pathways may offer therapeutic strategies for gliomas.