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Three-dimensional electrical impedance tomography based on the complete electrode model.

P J Vauhkonen1, M Vauhkonen, T Savolainen

  • 1Department of Applied Physics, University of Kuopio, Finland.

IEEE Transactions on Bio-Medical Engineering
|September 24, 1999
PubMed
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This study introduces a 3D finite element method for electrical impedance tomography, improving resistivity imaging by accounting for current spread. Results show 3D static reconstructions comparable to 2D dynamic images.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Computational Electromagnetics
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) typically uses 2D models, neglecting 3D current spread.
  • Off-plane structures significantly impact the accuracy of 2D EIT reconstructions.
  • Accurate resistivity distribution is crucial for medical diagnostics and monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a 3D finite element method (FEM) for EIT.
  • To reconstruct 3D resistivity distributions considering the complete electrode model.
  • To evaluate the performance of 3D static reconstructions against 2D dynamic reconstructions.

Main Methods:

  • A finite element-based method was employed for 3D resistivity reconstruction.
  • The complete electrode model was utilized, incorporating electrode and contact impedances.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Both forward and inverse problems were solved using the developed FEM framework.
  • Real measurement data from phantom experiments were used for validation.

    • Main Results:

    • The proposed 3D FEM accurately reconstructs internal resistivity distributions.
    • Static 3D EIT images achieved comparable quality to dynamic 2D difference images.
    • Phantom experiments demonstrated the efficacy of the 3D reconstruction method.

    Conclusions:

    • A 3D finite element-based approach enhances EIT accuracy by modeling current spread.
    • The complete electrode model improves the reconstruction of resistivity distributions.
    • 3D static EIT reconstructions offer a viable alternative to 2D dynamic methods, especially with accurate modeling.