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Phenotypic modulation by intracellular bacterial pathogens.

Y A Kwaik1, O S Harb

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Kentucky Chandler Medical Center, Lexington 40536-0084, USA. yabukw@pop.uky.edu

Electrophoresis
|September 24, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Bacterial pathogens inside host cells show distinct protein synthesis responses. Those in phagosomes elevate stress proteins, while cytoplasmic bacteria modulate phenotypes without stress responses, revealed by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE).

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Bacterial Pathogenesis

Background:

  • Microorganisms sense and respond to environmental signals via gene expression and protein synthesis.
  • Intracellular pathogenic bacteria face complex host cell environments.
  • Two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) analyzes global bacterial protein synthesis changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the use of 2-DE in examining bacterial phenotypic modulation within host cells.
  • To contrast the protein synthesis responses of three intracellular pathogens: Legionella pneumophila, Salmonella typhimurium, and Listeria monocytogenes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) to analyze protein synthesis.
  • Comparing bacterial responses in different intracellular niches (phagosome vs. cytoplasm).

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  • Examining the impact of host cell compartment maturation on bacterial stress responses.

    • Main Results:

    • Intracellular bacteria in phagosomes exhibit global protein synthesis alterations, including elevated stress proteins.
    • Bacteria replicating in the host cytoplasm undergo phenotypic modulation without increased stress proteins.
    • Phagosome maturation state influences bacterial stress protein levels, with Legionella pneumophila's phagosome blocked and Listeria monocytogenes escaping to the cytoplasm.

    Conclusions:

    • Bacterial protein synthesis responses vary significantly based on intracellular location (phagosome vs. cytoplasm).
    • Phagosome-resident bacteria mount a stress response, unlike cytoplasm-replicating bacteria.
    • Understanding these differential responses is crucial for comprehending bacterial pathogenesis.