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Related Experiment Videos

Viral gastroenteritis: recent progress, remaining problems.

J R Hamilton, D G Gall, D G Butler

    Ciba Foundation Symposium
    |January 1, 1976
    PubMed
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    A novel viral enteritis in infants causes diarrhea, fever, and vomiting. A pig model using transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGE) revealed altered intestinal function, aiding understanding of viral diarrhea pathogenesis.

    Area of Science:

    • Gastroenterology
    • Virology
    • Animal Models

    Background:

    • Infants and young children are susceptible to a contagious viral enteritis characterized by diarrhea, fever, and vomiting.
    • This viral infection targets the upper intestinal epithelium.
    • Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGE) in pigs serves as a relevant model for studying viral enteritis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the pathogenesis of viral enteritis using a pig model infected with TGE.
    • To analyze the effects of TGE infection on intestinal function and cellular processes in pigs.

    Main Methods:

    • Infection of three-week-old pigs with TGE.
    • Analysis of jejunal epithelium in intact pigs and isolated cells (Ussing chambers, cell suspensions) at 40 hours post-infection.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Measurement of electrolyte flux, disaccharidase and Na+, K+-ATPase activities, adenylate cyclase activity, and thymidine kinase and sucrase activities.

    • Main Results:

    • Massive diarrhea observed 16-40 hours post-infection with increased electrolytes but normal sugar levels in stool.
    • Altered Na+ and water flux, decreased mucosal disaccharidase and Na+, K+-ATPase activities, and normal adenylate cyclase activity in the jejunum.
    • Blunted Na+ flux response to glucose in jejunal epithelium, while Cl- flux responded normally to theophylline.

    Conclusions:

    • Viral diarrhea pathogenesis involves alterations in intestinal epithelial function and cellular differentiation.
    • The pig model provides insights into the mechanisms of viral enteritis, differing from enterotoxigenic diarrhea.
    • Further research using animal models offers hope for developing preventative therapies and improving treatment for viral diarrhea in children.