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Related Concept Videos

Immunocytochemistry and Immunohistochemistry01:22

Immunocytochemistry and Immunohistochemistry

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Immunocytochemistry (ICC) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) are techniques that use antibodies to check for specific proteins or antigens in a sample. The technique was first published by Albert Coons in 1941 to detect the presence of pneumococcal antigen in tissue sections from mice infected with Pneumococcus. Immunocytochemistry helps localization of proteins or antigens in individual cells like blood cells, stem cells, etc., while immunohistochemistry does the same for tissue samples.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 3, 2026

Histological-Based Stainings Using Free-Floating Tissue Sections
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[Recent advances in molecular histochemical techniques].

T Koji1

  • 1Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, Japan.

Kaibogaku Zasshi. Journal of Anatomy
|September 25, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Analyzing gene expression in individual cells requires understanding gene regulation. This study reviews in situ hybridization (ISH) and Southwestern histochemistry methods for analyzing cell-specific gene expression and transcription factors.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Cell Biology

Context:

  • Understanding cell-type and tissue-type specific gene expression is crucial for deciphering physiological states.
  • In situ hybridization (ISH) is a key molecular histochemical technique for analyzing gene expression within cells.
  • Analyzing gene regulation at the single-cell level provides insights into complex biological processes.

Purpose:

  • To review and present advancements in nonradioactive in situ hybridization (ISH) protocols using synthetic oligonucleotide probes.
  • To introduce Southwestern histochemistry for localizing transcription regulatory factors in individual cells.
  • To explore the combined application of ISH and Southwestern histochemistry for a comprehensive understanding of gene regulation.

Summary:

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  • Developed optimized nonradioactive in situ hybridization (ISH) protocols with thymine-thymine dimerized or digoxigenin-labeled synthetic oligo-DNA probes.
  • Established Southwestern histochemistry to identify specific transcription regulatory factors, complementing ISH by revealing transcriptional regulation.
  • Integrated ISH and Southwestern histochemistry to correlate mRNA levels with transcription factor activity in individual cells.

    • Impact:

    • Provides researchers with refined tools for detailed analysis of gene expression patterns in specific cell types.
    • Enables a deeper understanding of the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms underlying cellular functions.
    • Facilitates the study of physiological states and disease mechanisms at the single-cell level.