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Otx genes in corticogenesis and brain development.

D Acampora1, P Barone, A Simeone

  • 1International Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, CNR, Naples, Italy.

Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
|September 25, 1999
PubMed
Summary
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Otx1 and Otx2 genes are crucial for mammalian brain development, influencing early brain specification and corticogenesis. Their functions show remarkable conservation with the Drosophila orthodenticle gene.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Numerous genes regulate brain development, including induction, specification, and regionalization.
  • Mouse mutant models are essential for studying gene functions in vivo.
  • Otx1 and Otx2 are key genes involved in mammalian brain morphogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the roles of Otx1 and Otx2 in mammalian brain development, particularly the cerebral cortex.
  • To explore the functional equivalence between mammalian Otx genes and Drosophila orthodenticle.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of gene functions through mouse mutant models.
  • Review of existing literature on Otx gene involvement in brain development.

Main Results:

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  • Otx2 is vital for early neuroectoderm specification in the forebrain-midbrain.
  • Otx1 is primarily required for proper corticogenesis.
  • Both Otx1 and Otx2 cooperate in brain patterning via a gene-dosage dependent mechanism.

Conclusions:

  • Otx1 and Otx2 play critical, distinct, and cooperative roles in mammalian brain development.
  • Functional conservation between mammalian Otx genes and Drosophila orthodenticle highlights evolutionary links in brain development.