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The effect of severe burn injury on proinflammatory cytokines and leukocyte behavior: its modulation with granulocyte

F W Peter1, D A Schuschke, J H Barker

  • 1Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, KY 40292, USA. 75473.672@CompuServe.COM

Burns : Journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries
|September 25, 1999
PubMed

Insights

Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (GCSF) administration in rats with severe burns increased white blood cell and neutrophil counts. GCSF helped restore immune competence without overactivating leukocytes or increasing inflammation.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Trauma Research
  • Wound Healing

Background:

  • Severe injuries, such as burns, lead to immunosuppression.
  • Impaired leukocyte function and cytokine imbalance are key factors in post-injury immunosuppression.
  • Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (GCSF) is known to increase neutrophil counts and modulate inflammation, but its potential to overactivate leukocytes is a concern.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of GCSF in restoring immune competence following severe injury.
  • To determine if GCSF administration leads to overactivation of leukocytes.

Main Methods:

  • Lewis rats were subjected to a 30% total body surface area (TBSA) burn and treated with either GCSF or a vehicle control.
  • Blood samples were analyzed for total white cell count, neutrophils (PMNs), and cytokine levels (TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma).
  • Leukocyte function, including rolling, sticking, and diapedesis, was assessed in vivo.

Main Results:

  • GCSF treatment significantly increased total white cell and neutrophil counts compared to the vehicle group (P<0.001).
  • Leukocyte adherence and diapedesis were not elevated in the GCSF group, indicating no overactivation.
  • GCSF administration led to decreased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha (P<0.05) and IFN-gamma (P<0.001) compared to the vehicle group.

Conclusions:

  • GCSF effectively restores immune competence after severe injury by increasing leukocyte counts.
  • GCSF modulates the immune response, shifting it from a pro-inflammatory to a more balanced state.
  • GCSF does not cause overactivation of neutrophils in the context of severe injury.

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