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Related Experiment Videos

Perceived area and the luminosity threshold.

F Bonato1, A L Gilchrist

  • 1Department of Psychology, Saint Peter's College, Jersey City, NJ 07306, USA. bonato_f@spcvxa.spc.edu

Perception & Psychophysics
|September 28, 1999
PubMed
Summary
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Target size influences when objects appear luminous. Larger perceived target sizes require higher luminance thresholds before they seem self-luminous, behaving like surface lightness.

Area of Science:

  • Visual perception
  • Psychophysics
  • Color science

Background:

  • Understanding the perception of luminosity and surface lightness is crucial in visual science.
  • Previous research has explored factors influencing perceived luminosity, but the interplay with perceived size and anchoring effects requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how target size, specifically perceived size, affects the luminance threshold at which a target appears self-luminous.
  • To examine the relationship between luminosity perception and surface lightness under various viewing conditions.
  • To test the hypothesis that luminosity thresholds follow similar anchoring principles as surface lightness.

Main Methods:

  • Participants made forced-choice judgments on the perceived luminosity of targets with varying luminance and perceived size.

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  • Experiments were conducted in controlled laboratory settings, including presentations on a wall, within an annulus, and embedded in a Mondrian array.
  • Lightness matches were performed for nearby opaque surfaces to compare with luminosity thresholds.

    • Main Results:

    • The luminance threshold for perceiving a target as self-luminous increased with its perceived size, not retinal size.
    • Larger targets showed a greater tendency to induce grayness/blackness in the surround with increased luminance, while smaller targets induced more luminosity.
    • A consistent invariant was observed: targets appeared luminous when their luminance was approximately 1.7 times that of a surface appearing white under the same illumination.

    Conclusions:

    • The luminosity threshold functions analogously to a surface lightness value, specifically the maximum lightness.
    • Luminosity perception is subject to the same anchoring laws, such as the area rule, that govern surface lightness.
    • Perceived size is a critical factor in determining the luminance required for an object to appear self-luminous.