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Related Experiment Videos

Stability and compatibility of morphine.

A Vermeire1, J P Remon

  • 1Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Gent, Harelbekestraat 72, 9000, Gent, Belgium.

International Journal of Pharmaceutics
|September 30, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Morphine stability in aqueous solutions is crucial for cancer pain management. While degradation occurs, ambient storage for up to 3 months is generally stable, but drug compatibility requires careful consideration.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Pharmaceutical Chemistry
  • Palliative Care

Background:

  • Morphine is a key analgesic for severe cancer pain, often administered parenterally via portable pumps for home care.
  • Stability and compatibility data for morphine solutions are essential due to prolonged storage and potential drug admixtures in terminally ill patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the stability of morphine solutions under various storage conditions.
  • To assess the compatibility of morphine with other drugs in infusion solutions for palliative care settings.

Main Methods:

  • Kinetic studies on morphine degradation in aqueous solutions.
  • Analysis of stability data for morphine infusion solutions stored under ambient conditions.
  • Review of available literature on morphine infusion solution compatibility.

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Main Results:

  • Morphine degrades to pseudomorphine, morphine-N-oxide, and apomorphine. Degradation is accelerated by oxygen and higher pH; temperature and light have minor effects.
  • Morphine solutions are stable for up to 3 months under ambient conditions, irrespective of oxygen, light, reservoir type, diluent, salt form, or concentration.
  • Room temperature storage is recommended to prevent precipitation and evaporation. Compatibility is influenced by formulation, diluent, temperature, and mixing parameters, with limited data applicable to palliative care.

Conclusions:

  • Morphine solutions exhibit reasonable stability for up to 3 months under ambient conditions, but careful storage at room temperature is advised.
  • Limited compatibility data exists for morphine admixtures in palliative care, highlighting a need for further research specific to this setting.