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Related Experiment Videos

Brain lesions in preterms: origin, consequences and compensation.

I Krägeloh-Mann1, P Toft, J Lunding

  • 1Department of Child Neurology, Children's Hospital University of Tübingen, Germany.

Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)
|September 30, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Neonatal hypoxia-ischemia is linked to brain abnormalities in high-risk preterm children. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed periventricular lesions and cerebellar atrophy correlating with disabilities.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pediatrics
  • Radiology

Background:

  • High-risk preterm infants face neurological challenges.
  • Cerebral blood flow (CBF) in early life may predict later outcomes.
  • Periventricular leucomalacia (PVL) is a common brain injury in preterm infants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between early CBF, neonatal hypoxia-ischemia, and neurodevelopmental outcomes in high-risk preterm children.
  • To identify specific brain structural correlates of neurological and neuropsychological deficits using MRI.
  • To compare neurological and neuropsychological assessments with control children.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective follow-up of 29 high-risk preterm children at 5.5-7 years.
  • Neurological, neuropsychological, and MRI assessments.

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  • Comparison with 57 control children.

    • Main Results:

    • Abnormal MRI findings in 19/29 preterm children.
    • Neonatal hypoxia-ischemia identified in 63% of those with abnormal MRI vs. 12.5% with normal MRI.
    • MRI abnormalities included periventricular lesions (PVL) and cerebellar atrophy, correlating with spastic cerebral palsy, intellectual disability, and visual impairment.
    • Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms linked to mild MRI abnormalities.

    Conclusions:

    • Neonatal hypoxia-ischemia is a significant factor in brain abnormalities and long-term disabilities in preterm children.
    • Specific MRI findings correlate with major neurodevelopmental deficits.
    • Mild or unilateral lesions may be compensated, but other chronic factors may also influence cognitive function, as evidenced by lower IQ in preterm children compared to controls.