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Related Experiment Videos

Is the development of orientation selectivity instructed by activity?

K D Miller1, E Erwin, A Kayser

  • 1Department of Physiology, University of California San Francisco, 513 Parnassus, San Francisco, California 94143-0444, USA.

Journal of Neurobiology
|September 30, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Neural activity patterns guide visual cortex development, shaping orientation selectivity. Experiments support this, but further tests are needed to confirm activity

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Visual System

Background:

  • The development of orientation selectivity in the visual cortex is crucial for visual processing.
  • Understanding the role of neural activity in this developmental process is a key question in neuroscience.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence and models concerning the role of neural activity in the development of orientation selectivity.
  • To discuss how current models of activity-instructed development can be experimentally tested.
  • To critically examine alternative developmental scenarios, including genetic prespecification.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing experimental evidence and theoretical models of visual cortex development.
  • Analysis of experiments involving monocular deprivation and selective blockade of ON-center ganglion cells.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Examination of spontaneous neural activity correlations in the lateral geniculate nucleus.

    • Main Results:

    • Activity-instructed development models explain normal development of orientation selectivity and binocular matching.
    • Experiments show that blocking specific neural inputs prevents orientation selectivity development.
    • Spontaneous activity in inputs to the two eyes is correlated during critical developmental periods.

    Conclusions:

    • Existing evidence supports a role for neural activity in instructing orientation selectivity development.
    • Definitive experiments are required to confirm the instructive, rather than permissive, role of activity patterns.
    • Further research is needed to verify predicted activity patterns and rule out genetic prespecification.