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Related Experiment Videos

Decrease of nitric oxide synthase in the cerebrocortex of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

W J Yu1, S W Juang, W T Chin

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan.

Neuroscience Letters
|October 3, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity and gene expression decrease in the brains of rats with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). This reduction in neuronal NOS (nNOS) occurs independently of elevated glucose levels.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Endocrinology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a chronic metabolic disorder.
  • Nitric oxide (NO) plays a crucial role in various physiological processes, including neurotransmission.
  • The role of NO in the pathophysiology of IDDM, particularly in the central nervous system, remains incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in insulin-dependent diabetic mellitus (IDDM).
  • To examine changes in NOS activity and gene expression in the cerebrocortex of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (STZ-diabetic rats).

Main Methods:

  • Streptozotocin (STZ) was used to induce diabetes in rats.
  • NOS activity was measured by the conversion of [3H] L-arginine to [3H] L-citrulline.

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  • Neuronal NOS (nNOS) mRNA levels were assessed using Northern blot.
  • nNOS protein levels were determined by Western blot.
  • A separate group of rats received repeated glucose supply (glucose-challenged rats) to compare with STZ-diabetic rats.

    • Main Results:

    • NOS activity was significantly decreased in the cerebrocortex of STZ-diabetic rats compared to control rats.
    • mRNA levels of nNOS were lower in STZ-diabetic rats.
    • Western blot analysis confirmed a decrease in nNOS protein levels in STZ-diabetic rats.
    • In glucose-challenged rats, NOS activity increased, but nNOS mRNA levels remained unchanged, while protein levels decreased.
    • These findings suggest that the decrease in NOS in STZ-diabetic rats is not directly related to hyperglycemia.

    Conclusions:

    • NOS activity and expression are reduced in the brain of STZ-diabetic rats.
    • The observed decrease in nNOS in STZ-diabetic rats is independent of elevated glucose levels.
    • These findings highlight a potential neurobiological alteration in IDDM involving the nitric oxide pathway.