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Yeast genome evolution in the post-genome era.

C Seoighe1, K H Wolfe

  • 1Department of Genetics University of Dublin Trinity College Dublin 2, Ireland.

Current Opinion in Microbiology
|October 6, 1999
PubMed
Summary

The Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome reveals insights into eukaryote evolution. Gene duplication retention was influenced by expression levels, and rapidly evolving

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Molecular biology and evolution·2005

Area of Science:

  • * Molecular Biology
  • * Evolutionary Biology
  • * Genomics

Background:

  • * The genome sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae provides a foundation for understanding eukaryote genome evolution.
  • * New data on gene expression and function offer deeper insights into evolutionary processes.
  • * Whole-genome duplication events in yeast are key to studying gene retention and functional divergence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To investigate the evolutionary forces shaping the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome.
  • * To determine the role of gene expression levels in the retention of duplicate genes.
  • * To compare proteomes across species to understand gene conservation and evolution.

Main Methods:

  • * Analysis of duplicate gene pairs resulting from whole-genome duplication in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
  • * Proteome comparisons between yeast and other eukaryotes (e.g., worm).
  • * Comparative analysis of proteomes across different yeast species.

Main Results:

  • * Selection for increased gene expression levels significantly influenced the retention of duplicate genes after whole-genome duplication.
  • * Core metabolic genes are highly conserved in function across eukaryotes, as shown by yeast-worm proteome comparisons.
  • * 'Orphan' genes, unique to specific yeast species, represent the most rapidly evolving portion of the proteome.
  • * Natural hybridization is common in yeast but its long-term evolutionary impact remains unclear.

Conclusions:

  • * Gene duplication and subsequent retention in Saccharomyces cerevisiae are driven by both selection for increased expression and potentially novel functions.
  • * Proteome comparisons highlight conserved core eukaryotic genes and rapidly evolving species-specific genes.
  • * Further research is needed to elucidate the evolutionary significance of natural hybridization in yeast speciation.

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