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Related Experiment Videos

Drag reducing polymers may decrease atherosclerosis by increasing shear in areas normally exposed to low shear

A P Sawchuk1, J L Unthank, M C Dalsing

  • 1Department of Surgery, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis 46202, USA.

Journal of Vascular Surgery
|October 8, 1999
PubMed
Summary
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Drag reducing polymers (DRPs) increase blood flow shear stress in low-flow areas, potentially inhibiting atherosclerosis development. This mechanism may lead to new pharmaceutical treatments for plaque formation.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Atherosclerosis, characterized by plaque formation, often develops in regions of low shear stress within arteries.
  • The precise mechanism by which drag reducing polymers (DRPs) inhibit atherosclerosis remains largely unknown.
  • Understanding DRPs' mechanism is crucial for developing targeted therapies against atherosclerosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether drag reducing polymers (DRPs) can increase blood flow shear stress in areas typically experiencing low shear stress.
  • To elucidate the potential mechanism of DRPs in preventing plaque formation in atherosclerosis.

Main Methods:

  • Surgical aortic plication was performed in six dogs to create areas of low shear stress.
  • A specialized Doppler ultrasound probe measured blood flow velocity and calculated shear rates before and after DRP administration.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Paired t-tests were used to compare shear rates, with blood viscosity maintained at a constant 0.04 poise.

    • Main Results:

    • In the plicated (stenosed) aorta, maximum shear rates significantly increased from 9.96/sec to 14.27/sec after DRP administration (P=.0240).
    • Conversely, on the unstenosed aortic wall, maximum shear rates decreased from 57.25/sec to 44.80/sec post-DRP (P=.0081).

    Conclusions:

    • DRPs appear to inhibit atherosclerosis by increasing shear stress in low-flow arterial regions.
    • This finding suggests a potential therapeutic pathway for developing novel anti-atherosclerosis pharmaceutical agents.
    • Targeting shear stress modulation could be a key strategy in managing cardiovascular disease.