Effects of salt-loading on membrane potentials in mesenteric arteries of spontaneously hypertensive rats

Although salt intake and blood pressure are correlated, with hypertensives tending to exhibit higher blood pressure sensitivity to salt than normotensives, the precise mechanisms underlying this relationship remain unclear. This study aimed to determine whether salt-loading affects arterial membrane properties of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). SHR and age-matched Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) received either an 8% high salt diet or standard rat chow from 6 to 16 wk of age. Systolic blood pressure was significantly higher in salt-loaded SHR than in control SHR (267+/-7 vs. 235 +/- 5 mmHg, p < 0.05). The membrane potential of isolated conduit and resistance arteries of the superior mesenteric vascular bed, measured with microelectrodes, was less negative in salt-loaded SHR than in control SHR or salt-loaded WKY (conduit arteries, -39.9 +/- 0.3 vs. -44.5 +/- 0.4 or -47.4 +/- 0.4 mV, respectively, p < 0.05 for each; resistance arteries, -55.5 +/- 0.5 vs. -62.5 +/- 0.5 or -67.0 +/- 0.5 mV, respectively, p < 0.05 for each). Furthermore, conduit arteries of salt-loaded SHR exhibited spontaneous electrical activity (4-13 mV, 1-3/min), which was sensitive to ONO-3708, a thromboxane A2/prostaglandin H2 receptor antagonist. These findings suggest that salt-loading in SHR leads to a membrane depolarization in both conduit and resistance arteries, as well as to spontaneous electrical activity, presumably mediated by eicosanoids, in conduit arteries. These alterations in membrane properties might contribute to the exacerbation of hypertension and/or the target organ damage after salt loading in SHR.