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Updated: Oct 19, 2026

Analysis of Oxidative Stress in Zebrafish Embryos
Published on: July 7, 2014
Regulatory mechanisms of cellular response to oxidative stress
K Itoh1, T Ishii, N Wakabayashi
1Center for TARA and Institute for Basic Medical Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Japan.
Abstract:
An antioxidant responsive element (ARE) or electrophile responsive element (EpRE) mediates the transcriptional activation of genes encoding phase II drug metabolizing enzymes. The ARE consensus sequence shows high similarity to an erythroid gene regulatory element, and based on the observation, we have recently found that transcription factor Nrf2 is essential for the coordinate induction of phase II detoxifying enzymes. The expression of anti-oxidative stress enzyme genes is also regulated by Nrf2. Detailed analysis of the regulatory mechanisms of Nrf2 activity has ultimately led us to the identification of a new protein, which we have named Keap1, that suppresses Nrf2 activity by specific binding to its evolutionarily-conserved N-terminal Neh2 regulatory domain.
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