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Updated: Oct 19, 2026

An In Vivo Estrogen Deficiency Mouse Model for Screening Exogenous Estrogen Treatments of Cardiovascular Dysfunction After Menopause
Published on: August 13, 2019
Is physical activity as effective in reducing risk of cardiovascular disease as estrogen replacement therapy in
Abstract:
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is known as a disease of postmenopausal women. While hormone replacement therapy is recommended increasingly to postmenopausal women for the prevention of CHD, the potential impact of non-pharmacologic interventions on cardiovascular disease reduction has been largely unexplored. The purpose of this article is to develop the understanding of the research literature on three risk factors by which estrogen and physical activity, a non-pharmacologic intervention, may confer cardiovascular protection in postmenopausal women. Three risk factors are lipoproteins, systolic pressure, and changes in the vascular endothelial functions. Effects of estrogen and physical activity on these biological factors are compared.
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