[Long-term results of the treatment of eventrations by intraperitoneal non-absorbable prosthesis (149 patients)]

The authors report a series of 149 cases of incisional hernia, operated between 1983 and 1993, by insertion of a non-absorbable prosthetic mesh within the intraperitoneal cavity. This series consisted of 93 women and 56 men, with a mean age 57 years. One third of repairs were performed because of primary treatment failure. One or more operative risk factors were present in 127 patients. A non-absorbable intraperitoneal prosthetic mesh was inserted with tension to allow good musculo-aponeurotic repair. Postoperative mortality was 0.6%. All but 13 of the patients, were reviewed with a mean follow-up of 83 months. Twenty eight patients (20%) developed recurrence. In 8 cases, the cause of recurrence was failure of prosthetic mesh insertion because of excessive tension. Three patients (1.7%) developed a fistula in contact with the prosthetic mesh, that had to be removed. A small bowel fistula was observed in 2 cases after an intraoperative wound in 1 case, and a colonic fistula in 1 case. The results of incisional hernia repair with nonabsorbable intraperitoneal prosthetic mesh can be compared with these of other techniques using prosthetic materials. This technique does not require dissection of the intermediate planes and avoids undermining which causes substantial bleeding. The risk of sepsis is also decreased by deep placement of the prosthesis. The exceptional cases of fistula or the possibility of migration of the prosthesis are not exclusively observed with this technique, but must clearly encourage a very strict aseptic technique, with placement of omentum between the prosthetic mesh and the viscera.